The Roman civilization lasted approximately 1,229 years, from its traditional founding in 753 BCE to the fall of the Western Roman Empire in 476 CE. This timeline includes three main periods: the Roman Kingdom (753–509 BCE), the Roman Republic (509–27 BCE), and the Roman Empire (27 BCE–476 CE)
- The Roman Kingdom began with the legendary founding by Romulus in 753 BCE and lasted until the establishment of the Republic in 509 BCE.
- The Roman Republic governed Rome from 509 BCE until 27 BCE, when Octavian (Augustus) became the first emperor.
- The Roman Empire started in 27 BCE and lasted until the fall of the Western Roman Empire in 476 CE. However, the Eastern Roman Empire, or Byzantine Empire, continued until 1453 CE
In summary, ancient Rome as a civilization spanned over a millennium, with the Western Roman Empire lasting about 503 years under imperial rule, and the entire Roman civilization from foundation to fall lasting nearly 1,230 years. The Eastern Roman Empire extended this legacy for nearly another thousand years beyond the fall of the West
