A cochlear implant enables deaf individuals to hear by bypassing damaged parts of the inner ear (cochlea) and directly stimulating the auditory nerve with electrical signals. The implant consists of an external sound processor and an internal receiver with electrode array. The external microphone picks up sounds, which are processed and converted into electrical signals sent through the skin to the internal receiver. This receiver sends the signals to electrodes implanted in the cochlea that stimulate the auditory nerve. The brain then interprets these electrical signals as sound, allowing the user to perceive hearing, including speech and environmental sounds. Cochlear implants do not restore normal hearing but provide a functional sense of hearing, which improves communication and sound awareness.
Key Components and Function
- External microphone and sound processor capture and convert sounds to digital signals.
- Signals are transmitted wirelessly to an internal receiver implanted under the skin.
- Electrode array inside the cochlea directly stimulates the auditory nerve with electrical impulses.
- The auditory nerve sends the signals to the brain, which interprets them as sound.
How It Helps
- Bypasses non-functioning hair cells in the cochlea.
- Provides auditory input to people with severe to profound hearing loss.
- Enables recognition of speech, environmental sounds, and warning signals.
- Requires training to learn to interpret the new kind of sound signal.
This technology is a life-changing option for many people who cannot benefit from traditional hearing aids.