Hoses and hose connections should be able to withstand at least twice the maximum expected operating pressure to ensure safety and reliability. The pressure rating of hoses and their connections is usually specified by manufacturers and must never be exceeded in normal operation. For example, hoses are often tested and rated to withstand pressures of 1.5 to 2 times the maximum operating pressure to prevent failure under pressure spikes or extreme conditions. Additionally, hoses and connections must be able to withstand the temperature ranges of their application. This includes the fluid temperature inside the hose, the ambient temperature, and any occasional temperature spikes. Different hose materials have different temperature tolerances—for instance, rubber hoses typically can operate up to about 212°F (100°C), while PTFE hoses can handle temperatures up to 450°F (232°C). Temperature affects not only the hose material but also its pressure capacity, as higher temperatures often require derating the pressure rating of the hose. To summarize:
- Hose connections must withstand at least twice the maximum operating pressure (e.g., 1.5 to 2 times the system pressure) for safety.
- Hoses should be selected to handle both the pressure and temperature conditions of the system.
- The maximum temperature hose materials can withstand varies, and higher temperatures reduce the pressure rating of hoses.
- Proper fittings must also meet pressure and temperature requirements and match hose specifications.
These standards ensure hoses and connections remain safe and functional under expected pressures and temperatures without risk of leaks or failure.