Parrots generally do not understand the full meaning of most words they say; they primarily mimic sounds they hear, often without true comprehension. Most parrots repeat phrases as a form of imitation or social interaction rather than meaningful communication
. However, research, especially involving African Grey parrots like the famous Alex studied by Dr. Irene Pepperberg, shows that some parrots can learn to understand and use certain words meaningfully. Alex demonstrated the ability to label objects, identify colors, and grasp concepts such as "yes" and "no" in appropriate contexts, suggesting some parrots can comprehend select human words and use them referentially
. In everyday pet parrots, understanding is often limited to associating specific sounds with actions or situations (e.g., saying "good bird" after being praised) rather than grasping abstract meanings. Parrots can also learn to use words in the correct context or timing, like greeting owners with "hello" or "good morning," without fully understanding the phrases' meanings
. In summary:
- Most parrots mimic human speech without understanding the meaning
- Some parrots, particularly African Greys, can learn to understand and use certain words meaningfully with extensive training
- Parrots often associate words with contexts or outcomes rather than grasping grammar or complex meanings
Thus, while parrots do not "know what they are saying" in the full human sense, some can understand and use specific words or phrases appropriately under certain conditions.
