Yes, dogs can get frostbite, and it can be serious if not treated promptly. Frostbite happens when skin and underlying tissues freeze after exposure to very cold temperatures.
When it happens
Dogs are generally at risk once temperatures are around or below freezing (32°F / 0°C), especially with wind, moisture, or long exposure. Small, short- haired, very young, senior, or sick dogs are at higher risk because they lose heat more quickly and may have poorer circulation.
Body parts most at risk
Frostbite usually affects areas farthest from the heart where blood flow is reduced in the cold: ears, tail, paws, and sometimes the nose. Wet fur or skin (from snow, baths, or rain) makes these areas even more vulnerable to freezing damage.
Common risk areas in dogs
Area| Why it is vulnerable
---|---
Ears| Thin skin, little insulating fat, very exposed to wind and cold. 16
Paws| Direct contact with snow, ice, and cold ground; can hold ice and
moisture between toes. 35
Tail| Far from the core, often not well protected by thick fur on many breeds.
16
Signs to watch for
Early signs include pale, gray, or bluish skin in cold areas, and the skin feels very cold or hard to the touch. As it warms, the area may become red, swollen, painful, and in severe cases can blister or turn dark, which can mean tissue death.
What to do and prevention
If frostbite is suspected, bring the dog into a warm environment and contact a veterinarian or emergency clinic right away, since incorrect home treatment can worsen tissue damage. To prevent frostbite, limit time outside in very cold weather, use dog coats and booties when appropriate, keep your dog dry, and never leave a dog unattended in extreme cold.