Apple AirTag works by emitting a secure Bluetooth signal that can be detected by nearby Apple devices within the Find My network. These devices anonymously relay the AirTag's location to iCloud, allowing the AirTag owner to see its position on a map via the Find My app
How AirTag Works in Detail:
- Bluetooth Signal : The AirTag continuously sends out an encrypted Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) signal unique to that AirTag. This signal is designed to protect privacy and prevent unauthorized tracking
- Find My Network : When an Apple device (iPhone, iPad, or Mac) in the Find My network comes within Bluetooth range (about 10 meters) of the AirTag, it detects the signal and securely sends the AirTag’s location data to iCloud. This happens anonymously and encrypted, so neither the device owner nor Apple knows the AirTag’s exact identity or location
- Location Tracking : The AirTag’s location is then displayed on the owner’s Find My app, enabling them to track the item attached to the AirTag anywhere within the network’s reach. This crowdsourced system leverages millions of Apple devices globally, providing extensive coverage
- Lost Mode and Notifications : Owners can put the AirTag into Lost Mode. When detected by a device in the network, the owner receives a notification. If an AirTag not belonging to you is traveling with you, your iPhone will alert you to discourage unwanted tracking. If the AirTag remains undetected for some time, it will emit a sound to help locate it
- Precision Finding : For iPhone 11 and later models with the U1 ultra-wideband chip, Precision Finding uses directional and distance information to guide you directly to the AirTag with visual and haptic feedback
- Battery and Hardware : AirTags are small discs powered by a replaceable coin cell battery lasting over a year. They include a Bluetooth transmitter, a speaker for sounds, and the U1 chip for ultra-wideband tracking
Summary
AirTags do not use GPS or Wi-Fi; instead, they rely on Bluetooth signals detected by nearby Apple devices in the Find My network to report their location securely and privately. This system allows users to track lost items like keys, bags, or luggage efficiently
