A handrail is typically required for stairs when there are four or more risers (vertical parts of the steps) or when the total rise exceeds about 30 inches. This is a common standard in many building codes for both residential and commercial stairs to provide safety and support for users. Handrails generally must be installed at a height of 34 to 38 inches above the stair tread nosing, be continuous along the stair length, and meet specific structural and grip size requirements. OSHA regulations require handrails on stairways with four or more risers for workplace safety. In residential settings, handrails are generally required when there are three or more steps, but this can vary by jurisdiction. Commercial stairs often have more stringent requirements, including handrails on stairways with four or more risers, or if the stair height is over 44 inches. Summary of when handrails are needed:
- Typically required for stairs with 4 or more risers (steps).
- Required if the total vertical height of the stairway exceeds about 30 inches.
- Residential codes may require for 3 or more steps in some cases.
- OSHA requires handrails for stairways with 4 or more risers.
- Handrails must be between 34 and 38 inches in height above the stair tread nosing and be continuous.
It is important to consult local building codes as some requirements vary by location. This guidance covers both residential and commercial stairs, with commercial requirements often being more strict.