A coma is a deep state of prolonged unconsciousness in which a person cannot be awakened. They fail to respond normally to painful stimuli, light, or sound, lack a normal sleep-wake cycle, and do not initiate voluntary actions. In this state, the person is alive but unable to consciously feel, speak, or move, and may have respiratory and circulatory problems that require medical care. Comas can be caused by traumatic injuries, strokes, infections, drug or alcohol intoxication, and other medical conditions affecting brain function. It is a serious medical emergency requiring immediate attention and varies in duration and outcomes depending on the cause and extent of brain damage.
