Piles, also known as hemorrhoids, are swollen and inflamed veins in the lower part of the anus and rectum. They are similar to varicose veins and can cause lumps in and around the anus, itching, pain, discomfort during bowel movements, and sometimes bleeding. Piles occur due to increased pressure in the lower rectum, which causes the veins around the anus to stretch, swell, and bulge. Common causes of this pressure include chronic constipation, straining during bowel movements, chronic diarrhea, lifting heavy weights, pregnancy, and sitting for long periods of time. Aging and a low-fiber diet also increase the risk of developing piles. They can be internal (inside the rectum) or external (around the anus), with internal piles sometimes prolapsing outside the anus. Piles are common and often improve on their own, but medical diagnosis and treatment may be needed if symptoms persist. Treatment focuses on relieving discomfort and addressing underlying causes such as constipation.
In summary:
- Piles are swollen veins in the anus and rectum.
- Caused by increased pressure from straining, constipation, pregnancy, etc.
- Symptoms include lumps, itching, pain, and bleeding.
- Mostly self-resolving but can require treatment if severe.