platelet count

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A platelet count is a laboratory test that measures the number of platelets in the blood. Platelets, or thrombocytes, are small cell fragments crucial for blood clotting to prevent excessive bleeding. The normal platelet count in the blood typically ranges from 150,000 to 400,000 platelets per microliter (mcL) or 150 to 400 × 10^9/L. Low platelet counts, known as thrombocytopenia, are counts below 150,000 per mcL and can increase bleeding risk. Causes include decreased production in bone marrow, increased destruction in the bloodstream, or increased removal by the spleen. High platelet counts, called thrombocytosis, are above 400,000 per mcL and may increase risk for blood clots and other complications. The platelet count test is used to diagnose disorders related to abnormal bleeding or clotting, monitor treatments, and assess overall platelet-related health.