To subtract fractions, follow these three main steps:
- Ensure the denominators (the bottom numbers) of the fractions are the same. If not, find a common denominator by converting the fractions accordingly.
- Subtract the numerators (the top numbers) while keeping the denominator the same.
- Simplify the resulting fraction if possible by reducing it to its lowest terms.
For example, to subtract 34−14\frac{3}{4}-\frac{1}{4}43−41:
- The denominators are already the same (4).
- Subtract the numerators: 3−1=23-1=23−1=2, so 24\frac{2}{4}42.
- Simplify 24\frac{2}{4}42 to 12\frac{1}{2}21.
If the denominators differ, like 12−16\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{6}21−61:
- Find a common denominator (e.g., 6).
- Convert 12\frac{1}{2}21 to 36\frac{3}{6}63.
- Subtract: 36−16=26\frac{3}{6}-\frac{1}{6}=\frac{2}{6}63−61=62.
- Simplify: 26=13\frac{2}{6}=\frac{1}{3}62=31.
These steps apply for simple fractions, and similar methods work for mixed numbers or subtracting fractions from whole numbers with some adjustments. This method ensures fractions are subtracted accurately and easily.
